After the first industrial revolution, textile factories in Western European countries developed rapidly. After 1840, a large amount of "foreign yarn" and "foreign cloth" were dumped into China, almost destroying China's textile handicraft industry. The Westernization Movement began in the 19th century and the 1960s. The Westernization Movement gradually established government-run military industries and expanded to the production of military textiles. For example, the Lanzhou Weaving General Administration established by Zuo Zongtang in 1880 was the first textile factory in China to use a full set of power machinery besides silk reeling. During the same period, foreign capitalists also began to build textile factories in China. For example, the Baochang Silk Reeling Factory established by the French in Shanghai was also put into operation in 1878.

In this period, apart from the government-run textile factories successively set up by local officials in various provinces and the increasing number of textile factories with foreign capital, the local gentry also gradually set up private and government-business joint textile factories. The First World War was a short spring for China's national textile industry. By 1919, there were 54 Chinese cotton spinning mills nationwide with 1.65 million spindles. At the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the National Government at that time took over 69 textile factories owned by the Japanese in China and formed the "China Textile Construction Company" ("China Textile Company"), a state-run but bureaucratic capitalist company.

China Textile Company was in a pivotal position in the Chinese textile industry at that time, and its technology was also in a leading position. China Textile Corporation absorbed the advantages of Japanese-owned factory management, removed the rough and refined, compiled and published technical documents such as textile operation standard methods and textile technology specifications, and organized multiple technical training courses to train technical backbones and skilled workers at all levels.

After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the government took over the factories of China Textile Construction Corporation and became a state-owned enterprise. The socialist transformation of private textile factories was gradually implemented, and through the stage of public-private partnership, they were eventually transformed into state-owned enterprises. Independently build large-scale textile machinery manufacturing plants and build chemical fiber manufacturing plants. The textile industry has begun to enter a stage of vigorous development.

Since the 1950s, my country has begun to introduce the technology of Hevinylon fiber. In the 1960s, the technology of acrylic fiber was introduced and the production of chemical fibers began. By the early 1980s, more than 200 textile machinery factories across the country formed specialized collaborations in the form of division of labor, production of parts, production of special accessories, and professional production of craftsmanship. network. China has been able to produce more than 1,500 complete sets of equipment, specialties and accessories for cotton textiles, wool textiles, linen textiles, silk weaving, printing and dyeing, etc.